学习 DPDK 是会遇到很多专业的术语，很难理解，本文汇总 DPDK 的常用术语。
A
Access Control List：访问控制表
Application Programming Interface：应用程序接口
Linux* kernel Address-Space Layout Randomization：地址空间随机化布局
B
Berkeley Software Distribution：伯克利软件发行
C
Clear
Classless Inter-Domain Routing：无类域间路由
The control plane is concerned with the routing of packets and with providing a start or end point.
A core may include several lcores or threads if the processor supports hyperthreading.
核心组件：DPDK 提供的一组库，包括：eal、ring、mempool、mbuf、timers等
Central Processing Unit：中央处理器
Cyclic Redundancy Check：循环冗赘核对
D
In contrast to the control plane, the data plane in a network architecture are the layers involved when forwarding packets. These layers must be highly optimized to achieve good performance.
Dual In-line Memory Module：双直插式内存模块
Direct Memory Access：直接存储器（内存）访问
A documentation generator used in the DPDK to generate the API reference.
Data Plane Development Kit：数据平面开发工具包
Dynamic Random Access Memory：动态随机访问存储器
E
Environment Abstraction Layer：环境抽象层
The Environment Abstraction Layer (EAL) provides a generic interface that hides the environment specifics from the applications and libraries. The services expected from the EAL are: development kit loading and launching, core affinity/ assignment procedures, system memory allocation/description, PCI bus access, inter-partition communication.
F
First In First Out：先进先出队列
Field Programmable Gate Array：可编程阵列
G
Gigabit Ethernet：千兆以太网
H
Hardware：硬件设备
High Precision Event Timer：高精度事件定时器
硬件计时器在x86平台上提供精确时钟
I
Intel Architecture：英特尔架构
Identifier：标识符
Input/Output Control：输入/输出控制器
Input/Output：输入/输出
Internet Protocol：互联网协议
Internet Protocol version 4：互联网协议v4
Internet Protocol version 6：互联网协议v6
L
logical core：逻辑CPU核
处理器的逻辑执行单元，有时称为硬件线程。
K
Kernel Network Interface：内核网络接口
I
Input–Output Memory Management Unit：输入输出内存管理单元
Input–Output Virtual Address：输入输出虚拟地址
L
Layer 1：物理层
Layer 2：数据链路层
Layer 3：网络层
Layer 4：传输成
Local Area Network：局域网
Longest Prefix Match：最长匹配前缀
M
执行 main() 函数和启动其他 lcores 的执行单元
通 main lcore，已废弃
An mbuf is a data structure used internally to carry messages (mainly network packets). The name is derived from BSD stacks. To understand the concepts of packet buffers or mbuf, refer to TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 2: The Implementation.
Message Signal Interrupt：消息信号中断
Modified Exclusive Shared Invalid (CPU cache coherency protocol，CPU缓存一致性协议)：修改独占共享无效
Maximum Transfer Unit：最大传输单元
N
Network Interface Card：网卡，网络接口卡
Non-uniform Memory Access：非一致内存访问
O
Out Of Order (execution of instructions within the CPU pipeline)
P
physical Address：物理地址
Peripheral Connect Interface：外围设备接口连接
Physical Function：物理函数
An abbreviation for the physical layer of the OSI model.
An mbuf carrying a network packet.
Poll Mode Driver：调查模式驱动程序
Q
Quality of Service：服务质量
R
Read-Copy-Update algorithm：读取-复制-更新算法，简单 rwlock 的替代方案
Read：读
Random Early Detection：随机预检测
Receive Side Scaling：接收端扩展
Run Time Environment：运行时环境
Provides a fast and simple framework for fast packet processing, in a lightweight environment as a Linux* application and using Poll Mode Drivers (PMDs) to increase speed.
Reception：接受数据
S
同worker lcore，已废弃
包含多个核的物理CPU
Service Level Agreement：服务水平协议
Single Rate Three Color Marking：单速率三色标记
Scheduler Round Trip Delay：调度程序往返行程延迟
Software：软件
T
在 DPDK 中，target 有 架构, 执行环境 和 工具链，例如：i686-native-linux-gcc
Transmission Control Protocol：传输控制协议
Traffic Class：通信/流量类别
Translation Lookaside Buffer：转译后备缓冲器
Thread Local Storage：线程本地存储
Two Rate Three Color Marking：二速三色标
Time Stamp Counter：时间戳计数器
Transmission：发送数据
虚拟网络内核设备，参考：Linux tap/tun 介绍
U
user input/out driver：
V
Virtual Function：虚拟函数
Virtual Function I/O：虚拟 I/O 功能
Virtual Local Area Network：虚拟局域网络
W
Write：写
非主逻辑核心
Weighted Random Early Detection：加权随机预检测
Weighted Round Robin：加权循环调度算法