Traefik Docker使用

Traefik(发音像traffic)是一个现代的HTTP反向代理和负载均衡器，用于轻松部署微服务。它支持多个后端(Docker, Swarm mode, Kubernetes, Marathon, Consul, Etcd, Rancher, Amazon ECS等)来自动和动态地管理其配置。

基本概念

• Providers 自动发现平台上的服务，比如 Docker、Kubernetes
• Entrypoints 监听传入的流量（端口等），是网络入口点，定义了接收请求的端口（HTTP 或者 TCP）
• Routers 分析请求（host、path、headers、SSL等），负责将传入请求连接到处理这些请求的服务上
• Services 将请求转发给你的应用（如load balancing），负责配置如何获取最终将处理传入请求的实际服务
• Middlewares 中间件，用来修改请求或者根据请求来做出一些判断（authentication、rate limiting、headers等）

示例

该示例基于 docker + traefik + Let's Encrypt 部署。

• 创建网络

docker network create web

• 初始化目录

mkdir -p /opt/traefik
touch /opt/traefik/docker-compose.yml
touch /opt/traefik/acme.json && chmod 600 /opt/traefik/acme.json
touch /opt/traefik/traefik.toml

• /opt/traefik/docker-compose.yml

version: '2'

services:
  traefik:
    image: traefik:1.3.5
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 80:80
      - 443:443
    networks:
      - web
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
      - /opt/traefik/traefik.toml:/traefik.toml
      - /opt/traefik/acme.json:/acme.json
    container_name: traefik

networks:
  web:
    external: true

• /opt/traefik/traefik.toml

debug = false

logLevel = "ERROR"
defaultEntryPoints = ["https","http"]

[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.http]
  address = ":80"
    [entryPoints.http.redirect]
    entryPoint = "https"
  [entryPoints.https]
  address = ":443"
  [entryPoints.https.tls]

[retry]

[docker]
endpoint = "unix:///var/run/docker.sock"
domain = "traefic.pn.cx"
watch = true
exposedByDefault = false

[acme]
email = "me@xiexianbin.cn"
storage = "acme.json"
entryPoint = "https"
onHostRule = true

[acme.httpChallenge]
entryPoint = "http"

• 启动

docker-compose up -d

whoami

mkdir /opt/whoami

• /opt/whoami/docker-compose.yml

version: "2.1"

services:
  whoami:
    image: traefik/whoami
    restart: always
    networks:
      - web
    expose:
      - "3000"
    labels:
      - "traefik.backend=whoami"
      - "traefik.docker.network=web"
      - "traefik.frontend.rule=Host:whoami.pn.cx"
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.port=3000"

networks:
  web:
    external: true

• 启动

docker-compose up -d