Prometheus 安装

下面介绍几种 Prometheus Server 的安装方式，如 RPM 安装、Docker 安装、二进制安装、kubernetes 安装等。

Prometheus Server 安装部署

Prometheus 介绍：

• 默认监听端口：9090
• 访问：http://<ip>:9090/
  • /graph
  • /alerts
  • /config
  • /targets
  • /tsdb-status

apt 部署

sudo apt install prometheus prometheus-node-exporter prometheus-pushgateway prometheus-alertmanager

sudo systemctl enable prometheus
sudo systemctl start prometheus

二进制安装

• 解压软件包

cd /usr/local/
tar -zxvf prometheus-2.19.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
ln -s /usr/local/prometheus-2.19.2.linux-amd64 prometheus

# tsdb 目录
mkdir /var/lib/prometheus

# 创建用户
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin prometheus
chown -R prometheus.prometheus /usr/local/prometheus/
chown -R prometheus.prometheus /var/lib/prometheus

• 配置 PATH

$ cat /etc/profile.d/prometheus.sh
export PROMETHEUS_HOME=/usr/local/prometheus/
export PATH=${PROMETHEUS_HOME}:$PATH

• 配置 service 文件

$ cat /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus Server
After=network.target

[Service]
User=prometheus
Restart=on-failure
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml  --storage.tsdb.path=/var/lib/prometheus --web.external-url=http://100.80.0.128:9090
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -KILL $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=65535

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

• 查看配置

$ grep -Ev "^ *#|^$" /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
rule_files:
  # - "rules/*.yml"
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'prometheus'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['localhost:9090']
  - job_name: 'prometheus'
    # basic_auth 认证
    basic_auth:
      username: ""
      password: ""
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['localhost:9090']

• 检查配置

cd /usr/local/prometheus/
promtool check config prometheus.yml

# 检查规则
promtool check rules rules/target.yml

• 启动服务

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start prometheus
systemctl status prometheus
systemctl enable prometheus

RPM 包安装

rpm 源参考：https://github.com/lest/prometheus-rpm

ubuntu 安装

apt install prometheus

docker 安装

docker run -d --name prometheus --restart always -p 9090:9090 prom/prometheus

docker-compose

version: '3'
services:
  prometheus:
    image: prom/prometheus
    ports:
      - 9090:9090/tcp
    user: root
    volumes:
      - ${PWD}/prometheus/data:/prometheus
      - ${PWD}/prometheus/conf/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml

  grafana:
    environment:
      - GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin123
    image: grafana/grafana
    volumes:
      - ${PWD}/grafana/data:/var/lib/grafana
    ports:
      - 3000:3000/tcp
    user: grafana

• 获取 prometheus.yml 配置文件脚本并配置采集 prometheus 数据

( docker run --rm -ti --entrypoint '' prom/prometheus cat/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml ) > ./prometheus/conf/prometheus.yml

# 新增配置
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'prometheus'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['localhost:9090']

• 启动
  • prometheus: http://127.0.0.1:9090
  • grafana: http://127.0.0.1:3000

docker-compose up -d

kubernetes 安装

• 参考

配置

添加静态配置主机

• 修改 /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml，新增一个 job_name: 'monitor-node'

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'prometheus'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['localhost:9090']
  - job_name: 'monitor-node'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['<host1>:9090', '<host2>:9090', '<host3>:9090']

• 检查配置

check config /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml

• 重启 prometheus 服务

Prometheus exporter 安装

• node_exporter 介绍

数据展示

Grafana

• Grafana 安装部署