gzip/gunzip compress or expand files
gzip
Help
gzip [ -acdfhlLnNrtvV19 ] [-S suffix] [ name ... ]
# gzip --help
Usage: gzip [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Compress or uncompress FILEs (by default, compress FILES in-place).
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-c, --stdout write on standard output, keep original files unchanged
-d, --decompress decompress
-f, --force force overwrite of output file and compress links
-h, --help give this help
-l, --list list compressed file contents
-L, --license display software license
-n, --no-name do not save or restore the original name and time stamp
-N, --name save or restore the original name and time stamp
-q, --quiet suppress all warnings
-r, --recursive operate recursively on directories
-S, --suffix=SUF use suffix SUF on compressed files
-t, --test test compressed file integrity
-v, --verbose verbose mode
-V, --version display version number
-1, --fast compress faster
-9, --best compress better
--rsyncable Make rsync-friendly archive
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
Report bugs to <bug-gzip@gnu.org>.
Level | ZLIB | GZIP
1 | 78 01 | 1F 8B
2 | 78 5E | 1F 8B
3 | 78 5E | 1F 8B
4 | 78 5E | 1F 8B
5 | 78 5E | 1F 8B
6 | 78 9C | 1F 8B
7 | 78 DA | 1F 8B
8 | 78 DA | 1F 8B
9 | 78 DA | 1F 8B
gzip 示例
# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 19:33 1.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 19:33 2.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 19:33 3.md
# gzip *
# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Aug 11 19:33 1.md.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Aug 11 19:33 2.md.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Aug 11 19:33 3.md.gz
# gzip -l 1.md.gz
compressed uncompressed ratio uncompressed_name
25 0 0.0% 1.md
# gzip -dv *
1.md.gz: 0.0% -- replaced with 1.md
2.md.gz: 0.0% -- replaced with 2.md
3.md.gz: 0.0% -- replaced with 3.md
使用 gzip 压缩 .tar 为 .tar.gz
$ tar -cvf resolv.tar /etc/resolv.conf
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
/etc/resolv.conf
$ tar -tf resolv.tar
etc/resolv.conf
$ file resolv.tar
resolv.tar: POSIX tar archive (GNU)
# gzip 压缩，等价于 tar -zcvf resolv.tar.gz /etc/resolv.conf
$ gzip -9 < resolv.tar > resolv.tar.gz
$ file resolv.tar.gz
resolv.tar.gz: gzip compressed data, last modified: Sun Jan 21 06:41:01 2024, max compression, from Unix, original size modulo 2^32 10240
gunzip Help
gunzip [ -acfhlLnNrtvV ] [-S suffix] [ name ... ]
# gunzip --help
Usage: /usr/bin/gunzip [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Uncompress FILEs (by default, in-place).
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-c, --stdout write on standard output, keep original files unchanged
-f, --force force overwrite of output file and compress links
-l, --list list compressed file contents
-n, --no-name do not save or restore the original name and time stamp
-N, --name save or restore the original name and time stamp
-q, --quiet suppress all warnings
-r, --recursive operate recursively on directories
-S, --suffix=SUF use suffix SUF on compressed files
-t, --test test compressed file integrity
-v, --verbose verbose mode
--help display this help and exit
--version display version information and exit
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
Report bugs to <bug-gzip@gnu.org>.
gunzip 示例
# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Aug 11 19:33 1.md.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Aug 11 19:33 2.md.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Aug 11 19:33 3.md.gz
# gunzip *
# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 19:33 1.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 19:33 2.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 19:33 3.md
# gzip *
# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Aug 11 19:33 1.md.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Aug 11 19:33 2.md.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Aug 11 19:33 3.md.gz
# gzip -d *
# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 19:33 1.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 19:33 2.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 19:33 3.md