智能平台管理接口 (IPMI, Intelligent Platform Management Interface) 是一种开放标准的硬件管理接口规格，定义了嵌入式管理子系统进行通信的特定方法。IPMI 信息通过基板管理控制器 (BMC)（位于 IPMI 规格的硬件组件上）进行交流。使用低级硬件智能管理而不使用操作系统进行管理，具有两个主要优点： 首先，此配置允许进行带外服务器管理；其次，操作系统不必负担传输系统状态数据的任务。
IPMI
IPMI（Intelligent Platform Management Interface）是一个硬件管理接口规范，通过ipmi可以远程监控物理健康特征，如温度、电压、风扇工作状态、电源状态、远程启停、远程安装操作系统等。
工作原理
主机有一个专用芯片/控制器，称为基板管理控制器(BMC)，它并不依赖CPU、BIOS、操作系统。
只要有BMC和ipmi firmware就可以工作了。
使用
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开机时设置IPMI Over LAN为On、设置IPMI的ip地址、IPMI用户名和密码。
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在控制端安装ipmitool工具包，查看命令帮助
vm_156e3:~ # ipmitool -help
ipmitool version 1.8.11
usage: ipmitool [options...] <command>
-h This help
-V Show version information
-v Verbose (can use multiple times)
-c Display output in comma separated format
-d N Specify a /dev/ipmiN device to use (default=0)
-I intf Interface to use
-H hostname Remote host name for LAN interface
-p port Remote RMCP port [default=623]
-U username Remote session username
-f file Read remote session password from file
-S sdr Use local file for remote SDR cache
-a Prompt for remote password
-e char Set SOL escape character
-C ciphersuite Cipher suite to be used by lanplus interface
-k key Use Kg key for IPMIv2 authentication
-y hex_key Use hexadecimal-encoded Kg key for IPMIv2 authentication
-L level Remote session privilege level [default=ADMINISTRATOR]
Append a '+' to use name/privilege lookup in RAKP1
-A authtype Force use of auth type NONE, PASSWORD, MD2, MD5 or OEM
-P password Remote session password
-E Read password from IPMI_PASSWORD environment variable
-K Read kgkey from IPMI_KGKEY environment variable
-m address Set local IPMB address
-b channel Set destination channel for bridged request
-t address Bridge request to remote target address
-B channel Set transit channel for bridged request (dual bridge)
-T address Set transit address for bridge request (dual bridge)
-l lun Set destination lun for raw commands
-o oemtype Setup for OEM (use 'list' to see available OEM types)
-O seloem Use file for OEM SEL event descriptions
Interfaces:
open Linux OpenIPMI Interface [default]
imb Intel IMB Interface
lan IPMI v1.5 LAN Interface
lanplus IPMI v2.0 RMCP+ LAN Interface
Commands:
raw Send a RAW IPMI request and print response
i2c Send an I2C Master Write-Read command and print response
spd Print SPD info from remote I2C device
lan Configure LAN Channels
chassis Get chassis status and set power state
power Shortcut to chassis power commands
event Send pre-defined events to MC
mc Management Controller status and global enables
sdr Print Sensor Data Repository entries and readings
sensor Print detailed sensor information
fru Print built-in FRU and scan SDR for FRU locators
gendev Read/Write Device associated with Generic Device locators sdr
sel Print System Event Log (SEL)
pef Configure Platform Event Filtering (PEF)
sol Configure and connect IPMIv2.0 Serial-over-LAN
tsol Configure and connect with Tyan IPMIv1.5 Serial-over-LAN
isol Configure IPMIv1.5 Serial-over-LAN
user Configure Management Controller users
channel Configure Management Controller channels
session Print session information
sunoem OEM Commands for Sun servers
kontronoem OEM Commands for Kontron devices
picmg Run a PICMG/ATCA extended cmd
fwum Update IPMC using Kontron OEM Firmware Update Manager
firewall Configure Firmware Firewall
delloem OEM Commands for Dell systems
shell Launch interactive IPMI shell
exec Run list of commands from file
set Set runtime variable for shell and exec
hpm Update HPM components using PICMG HPM.1 file
ekanalyzer run FRU-Ekeying analyzer using FRU files
示例
- 开机： `sudo ipmitool -I lanplus -H my-ip -U my-user -P my-password power on`
- 关机： `sudo ipmitool -I lanplus -H my-ip -U my-user -P my-password power off`
- 查看： `sudo ipmitool -I lanplus -H my-ip -U my-user -P my-password power status`