IPMI 介绍

智能平台管理接口 (IPMI, Intelligent Platform Management Interface) 是一种开放标准的硬件管理接口规格，定义了嵌入式管理子系统进行通信的特定方法。IPMI 信息通过基板管理控制器 (BMC)（位于 IPMI 规格的硬件组件上）进行交流。使用低级硬件智能管理而不使用操作系统进行管理，具有两个主要优点： 首先，此配置允许进行带外服务器管理；其次，操作系统不必负担传输系统状态数据的任务。

IPMI

IPMI（Intelligent Platform Management Interface）是一个硬件管理接口规范，通过ipmi可以远程监控物理健康特征，如温度、电压、风扇工作状态、电源状态、远程启停、远程安装操作系统等。

工作原理

主机有一个专用芯片/控制器，称为基板管理控制器(BMC)，它并不依赖CPU、BIOS、操作系统。 只要有BMC和ipmi firmware就可以工作了。

使用

1. 开机时设置IPMI Over LAN为On、设置IPMI的ip地址、IPMI用户名和密码。

2. 在控制端安装ipmitool工具包，查看命令帮助

   vm_156e3:~ # ipmitool -help
   ipmitool version 1.8.11
   
   usage: ipmitool [options...] <command>
   
          -h             This help
          -V             Show version information
          -v             Verbose (can use multiple times)
          -c             Display output in comma separated format
          -d N           Specify a /dev/ipmiN device to use (default=0)
          -I intf        Interface to use
          -H hostname    Remote host name for LAN interface
          -p port        Remote RMCP port [default=623]
          -U username    Remote session username
          -f file        Read remote session password from file
          -S sdr         Use local file for remote SDR cache
          -a             Prompt for remote password
          -e char        Set SOL escape character
          -C ciphersuite Cipher suite to be used by lanplus interface
          -k key         Use Kg key for IPMIv2 authentication
          -y hex_key     Use hexadecimal-encoded Kg key for IPMIv2 authentication
          -L level       Remote session privilege level [default=ADMINISTRATOR]
                         Append a '+' to use name/privilege lookup in RAKP1
          -A authtype    Force use of auth type NONE, PASSWORD, MD2, MD5 or OEM
          -P password    Remote session password
          -E             Read password from IPMI_PASSWORD environment variable
          -K             Read kgkey from IPMI_KGKEY environment variable
          -m address     Set local IPMB address
          -b channel     Set destination channel for bridged request
          -t address     Bridge request to remote target address
          -B channel     Set transit channel for bridged request (dual bridge)
          -T address     Set transit address for bridge request (dual bridge)
          -l lun         Set destination lun for raw commands
          -o oemtype     Setup for OEM (use 'list' to see available OEM types)
          -O seloem      Use file for OEM SEL event descriptions
   
   Interfaces:
   	open          Linux OpenIPMI Interface [default]
   	imb           Intel IMB Interface
   	lan           IPMI v1.5 LAN Interface
   	lanplus       IPMI v2.0 RMCP+ LAN Interface
   
   Commands:
   	raw           Send a RAW IPMI request and print response
   	i2c           Send an I2C Master Write-Read command and print response
   	spd           Print SPD info from remote I2C device
   	lan           Configure LAN Channels
   	chassis       Get chassis status and set power state
   	power         Shortcut to chassis power commands
   	event         Send pre-defined events to MC
   	mc            Management Controller status and global enables
   	sdr           Print Sensor Data Repository entries and readings
   	sensor        Print detailed sensor information
   	fru           Print built-in FRU and scan SDR for FRU locators
   	gendev        Read/Write Device associated with Generic Device locators sdr
   	sel           Print System Event Log (SEL)
   	pef           Configure Platform Event Filtering (PEF)
   	sol           Configure and connect IPMIv2.0 Serial-over-LAN
   	tsol          Configure and connect with Tyan IPMIv1.5 Serial-over-LAN
   	isol          Configure IPMIv1.5 Serial-over-LAN
   	user          Configure Management Controller users
   	channel       Configure Management Controller channels
   	session       Print session information
   	sunoem        OEM Commands for Sun servers
   	kontronoem    OEM Commands for Kontron devices
   	picmg         Run a PICMG/ATCA extended cmd
   	fwum          Update IPMC using Kontron OEM Firmware Update Manager
   	firewall      Configure Firmware Firewall
   	delloem       OEM Commands for Dell systems
   	shell         Launch interactive IPMI shell
   	exec          Run list of commands from file
   	set           Set runtime variable for shell and exec
   	hpm           Update HPM components using PICMG HPM.1 file
   	ekanalyzer    run FRU-Ekeying analyzer using FRU files
   

   ``

示例

- 开机： `sudo ipmitool -I lanplus -H my-ip -U my-user -P my-password power on`
- 关机： `sudo ipmitool -I lanplus -H my-ip -U my-user -P my-password power off`
- 查看： `sudo ipmitool -I lanplus -H my-ip -U my-user -P my-password power status`