Tripwire是一个免费的开源入侵检测系统（IDS），它是用于监视和警告系统上文件更改的安全工具。
安装
yum -y install tripwire
原理
Tripwire2个关键文件：
- site-key：它用于保护Tripwire配置。因此，除非我们再次生成配置，否则对tripwire配置所做的任何更改都不会生效，我们会提示您输入site-key密码
- local-key：它用于验证tripwire二进制文件。当我们想要更新tripwire系统数据库时，我们需要运行tripwire命令，并且会提示我们输入’local-key’的密码
使用
tripwire-setup-keyfiles
# tripwire-setup-keyfiles
----------------------------------------------
The Tripwire site and local passphrases are used to sign a variety of
files, such as the configuration, policy, and database files.
Passphrases should be at least 8 characters in length and contain both
letters and numbers.
See the Tripwire manual for more information.
----------------------------------------------
Creating key files...
(When selecting a passphrase, keep in mind that good passphrases typically
have upper and lower case letters, digits and punctuation marks, and are
at least 8 characters in length.)
Enter the site keyfile passphrase:
Verify the site keyfile passphrase:
Generating key (this may take several minutes)...Key generation complete.
(When selecting a passphrase, keep in mind that good passphrases typically
have upper and lower case letters, digits and punctuation marks, and are
at least 8 characters in length.)
Enter the local keyfile passphrase:
Verify the local keyfile passphrase:
Generating key (this may take several minutes)...Key generation complete.
----------------------------------------------
Signing configuration file...
Please enter your site passphrase:
Wrote configuration file: /etc/tripwire/tw.cfg
A clear-text version of the Tripwire configuration file:
/etc/tripwire/twcfg.txt
has been preserved for your inspection. It is recommended that you
move this file to a secure location and/or encrypt it in place (using a
tool such as GPG, for example) after you have examined it.
----------------------------------------------
Signing policy file...
Please enter your site passphrase:
Wrote policy file: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol
A clear-text version of the Tripwire policy file:
/etc/tripwire/twpol.txt
has been preserved for your inspection. This implements a minimal
policy, intended only to test essential Tripwire functionality. You
should edit the policy file to describe your system, and then use
twadmin to generate a new signed copy of the Tripwire policy.
Once you have a satisfactory Tripwire policy file, you should move the
clear-text version to a secure location and/or encrypt it in place
(using a tool such as GPG, for example).
Now run "tripwire --init" to enter Database Initialization Mode. This
reads the policy file, generates a database based on its contents, and
then cryptographically signs the resulting database. Options can be
entered on the command line to specify which policy, configuration, and
key files are used to create the database. The filename for the
database can be specified as well. If no options are specified, the
default values from the current configuration file are used.
[root@a1 tripwire]#
配置文件
- /etc/tripwire/tw.cfg
- /etc/tripwire/twcfg.txt
- /etc/tripwire/tw.pol
init
[root@a1 tripwire]# tripwire --init
Please enter your local passphrase:
Parsing policy file: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol
Generating the database...
*** Processing Unix File System ***
Wrote database file: /var/lib/tripwire/a1.xiexianbin.cn.twd
The database was successfully generated.
[root@a1 tripwire]#
[root@a1 tripwire]# tripwire --check
Parsing policy file: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol
*** Processing Unix File System ***
Performing integrity check...
Wrote report file: /var/lib/tripwire/report/a1.xiexianbin.cn-20200729-154019.twr
Open Source Tripwire(R) 2.4.3.7 Integrity Check Report
Report generated by: root
Report created on: Wed 29 Jul 2020 03:40:19 PM CST
Database last updated on: Never
===============================================================================
Report Summary:
===============================================================================
Host name: a1.xiexianbin.cn
Host IP address: 47.105.172.234
Host ID: None
Policy file used: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol
Configuration file used: /etc/tripwire/tw.cfg
Database file used: /var/lib/tripwire/a1.xiexianbin.cn.twd
Command line used: tripwire --check
===============================================================================
Rule Summary:
===============================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Section: Unix File System
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule Name Severity Level Added Removed Modified
--------- -------------- ----- ------- --------
User binaries 66 0 0 0
Tripwire Binaries 100 0 0 0
Libraries 66 0 0 0
Operating System Utilities 100 0 0 0
File System and Disk Administraton Programs
100 0 0 0
Kernel Administration Programs 100 0 0 0
Networking Programs 100 0 0 0
System Administration Programs 100 0 0 0
Hardware and Device Control Programs
100 0 0 0
System Information Programs 100 0 0 0
Application Information Programs
100 0 0 0
(/sbin/rtmon)
Critical Utility Sym-Links 100 0 0 0
Shell Binaries 100 0 0 0
Critical system boot files 100 0 0 0
* Tripwire Data Files 100 1 0 0
System boot changes 100 0 0 0
OS executables and libraries 100 0 0 0
Critical configuration files 100 0 0 0
Security Control 100 0 0 0
Login Scripts 100 0 0 0
* Root config files 100 0 0 2
Invariant Directories 66 0 0 0
Temporary directories 33 0 0 0
Critical devices 100 0 0 0
Total objects scanned: 76926
Total violations found: 3
===============================================================================
Object Summary:
===============================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Section: Unix File System
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule Name: Tripwire Data Files (/var/lib/tripwire)
Severity Level: 100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Added:
"/var/lib/tripwire/a1.xiexianbin.cn.twd.bak"
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule Name: Root config files (/root)
Severity Level: 100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Modified:
"/root/.cache/keybase/keybase.kbfs.log"
"/root/.cache/keybase/keybase.service.log"
===============================================================================
Error Report:
===============================================================================
No Errors
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*** End of report ***
Open Source Tripwire 2.4 Portions copyright 2000-2018 Tripwire, Inc. Tripwire is a registered
trademark of Tripwire, Inc. This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY;
for details use --version. This is free software which may be redistributed
or modified only under certain conditions; see COPYING for details.
All rights reserved.
Integrity check complete.
[root@a1 tripwire]#
check
sudo sh -c "tripwire --check | grep Filename > no-directory.txt"
for f in $(grep "Filename:" no-directory.txt | cut -f2 -d:); do
sed -i "s|\($f\) |#\\1|g" /etc/tripwire/twpol.txt
done
添加新规则
[root@a1 tripwire]# twadmin -m P /etc/tripwire/twpol.txt
Please enter your site passphrase:
Wrote policy file: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol
告警
略