Calico 网络介绍-谢先斌的博客

Calico 网络介绍

发布时间： 2022-03-26 更新时间： 2024-09-22 总字数：1113 阅读时间：3m 作者：谢先斌 IP上海

Kubernetes Calico 网络介绍，它比较复杂，支持网络策略功能，可以作为 flannel 的网络策略插件模式工作。

介绍

Calico 是一个三层隧道（IP-IP 隧道）。默认工作在 192.168.0.0/16 网段。

网络策略参考：NetworkPolicy

安装

kubectl create -f https://projectcalico.docs.tigera.io/manifests/tigera-operator.yaml
kubectl create -f https://projectcalico.docs.tigera.io/manifests/custom-resources.yaml

# 查看
watch kubectl get pods -n calico-system

安装 Calico network policy controller

为 flannel 提供网络策略功能，实现参考。

安装

curl https://projectcalico.docs.tigera.io/manifests/canal.yaml -O
kubectl apply -f canal.yaml

安装后详情

$ kubectl -n kube-system get pod
NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS        AGE
calico-kube-controllers-56fcbf9d6b-2mrpp   1/1     Running   0               8m16s
canal-b5dqt                                2/2     Running   0               8m16s
canal-th62l                                2/2     Running   0               8m16s
canal-tsqfj                                2/2     Running   0               8m16s

示例

namespace 准备

kubectl create namespace dev
kubectl create namespace uat

Pod 准备

kubectl run dev-hello-app-1 --image=gcriogooglesamples/hello-app:1.0 -n dev
kubectl run uat-hello-app-1 --image=gcriogooglesamples/hello-app:1.0 -n uat

Pod IP 信息

root@k8s-master:~# kubectl -n uat get pod -o wide
NAME              READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    IP           NODE         NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
uat-hello-app-1   1/1     Running   0          111s   10.244.2.5   k8s-node-2   <none>           <none>
root@k8s-master:~# kubectl -n dev get pod -o wide
NAME              READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP           NODE         NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
dev-hello-app-1   1/1     Running   0          3m52s   10.244.2.3   k8s-node-2   <none>           <none>

拒绝所有 Ingress 流量

拒绝所有 Ingress 流量：deny-all-ingress.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: deny-all-ingress
  # namespace: dev
spec:
  podSelector: {}
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
source repo / download raw

创建 netpol 后，dev-hello-app-1 是 ping 是不通的

$ kubectl apply -f deny-all-ingress.yaml -n dev
networkpolicy.networking.k8s.io/deny-all-ingress created
$ kubectl -n dev get netpol
NAME               POD-SELECTOR   AGE
deny-all-ingress   <none>         4m36s
$ kubectl -n dev describe netpol deny-all-ingress
Name:         deny-all-ingress
Namespace:    dev
Created on:   2022-03-26 04:39:48 +0800 CST
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>
Spec:
  PodSelector:     <none> (Allowing the specific traffic to all pods in this namespace)
  Allowing ingress traffic:
    <none> (Selected pods are isolated for ingress connectivity)
  Not affecting egress traffic
  Policy Types: Ingress

# ping
root@k8s-master:~/manifests/networkpolicy# ping -c1 10.244.2.3
PING 10.244.2.3 (10.244.2.3) 56(84) bytes of data.

--- 10.244.2.3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 0ms

允许所有 Ingress 流量

运行所有 Ingress 流量：allow-all-ingress.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: allow-all-ingress
  # namespace: dev
spec:
  podSelector: {}
  ingress:
  - {}
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
source repo / download raw

创建 netpol 后，dev-hello-app-1 是 ping 是不通的

$ kubectl apply -f allow-all-ingress.yaml -n dev
networkpolicy.networking.k8s.io/allow-all-ingress created
$ kubectl -n dev get netpol
NAME                POD-SELECTOR   AGE
allow-all-ingress   <none>         7s
$ kubectl -n dev describe netpol allow-all-ingress
Name:         allow-all-ingress
Namespace:    dev
Created on:   2022-03-24 04:49:37 +0800 CST
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>
Spec:
  PodSelector:     <none> (Allowing the specific traffic to all pods in this namespace)
  Allowing ingress traffic:
    To Port: <any> (traffic allowed to all ports)
    From: <any> (traffic not restricted by source)
  Not affecting egress traffic
  Policy Types: Ingress

# ping
root@k8s-master:~/manifests/networkpolicy# ping -c1 10.244.2.3
PING 10.244.2.3 (10.244.2.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.244.2.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.690 ms

--- 10.244.2.3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.690/0.690/0.690/0.000 ms

通过标签定制 Pod 的规则

允许特定的入站流量

为 dev-hello-app-1 打标签

kubectl label pod dev-hello-app-1 env=dev -n dev

放行 8080 端口 allow-hello-app-ingress.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: allow-hello-app-ingress
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      env: dev
  ingress:
  - from:
    - ipBlock:
        cidr: 10.244.0.0/16
        except:
        - 10.244.2.5/32
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 8080
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
source repo / download raw

规则说明：运行所有 10.244.0.0/16 的入站流量，除了 10.244.2.5/32(uat-hello-app-1) 之外

执行

$ kubectl -n dev apply -f allow-hello-app-ingress.yaml
networkpolicy.networking.k8s.io/allow-hello-app-ingress created

控制节点访问，Ingress 通

root@k8s-master:~/manifests/networkpolicy# curl 10.244.2.3:8080
Hello, world!
Version: 1.0.0
Hostname: dev-hello-app-1
root@k8s-master:~/manifests/networkpolicy# ping -c1 10.244.2.3
PING 10.244.2.3 (10.244.2.3) 56(84) bytes of data.

--- 10.244.2.3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 0ms

从 uat-hello-app-1 中访问不通

root@k8s-master:~/manifests/networkpolicy# kubectl -n uat exec -it uat-hello-app-1 -- wget 10.244.2.3:8080
Connecting to 10.244.2.3:8080 (10.244.2.3:8080)
^Ccommand terminated with exit code 130
root@k8s-master:~/manifests/networkpolicy# kubectl -n uat exec -it uat-hello-app-1 -- ping -c1 10.244.2.3
PING 10.244.2.3 (10.244.2.3): 56 data bytes

--- 10.244.2.3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss
command terminated with exit code 1

拒绝所有 Egress 流量

deny-all-egress.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: deny-all-egress
  # namespace: dev
spec:
  podSelector: {}
  policyTypes:
  - Egress
source repo / download raw

实施

kubectl -n dev apply -f deny-all-egress.yaml

尝试在 dev 的 Pod 中 ping 外部 IP 实际不通

root@k8s-master:~/manifests/networkpolicy# kubectl -n dev exec -it dev-hello-app-1 -- ping -c1 10.244.2.5
PING 10.244.2.5 (10.244.2.5): 56 data bytes

--- 10.244.2.5 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss
command terminated with exit code 1

允许所有 Egress 流量

allow-all-egress.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: allow-all-egress
  # namespace: dev
spec:
  podSelector: {}
  egress:
  - {}
  policyTypes:
  - Egress
source repo / download raw

实施

kubectl -n dev apply -f allow-all-egress.yaml

尝试在 dev 的 Pod 中 ping 外部 IP 实际通

root@k8s-master:~/manifests/networkpolicy# kubectl -n dev exec -it dev-hello-app-1 -- ping -c1 10.244.2.5
PING 10.244.2.5 (10.244.2.5): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.244.2.5: seq=0 ttl=63 time=1.410 ms

--- 10.244.2.5 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 1.410/1.410/1.410 ms

F&Q

BIRD is not ready

错误日志：

calico/node is not ready: BIRD is not ready: Error querying BIRD: unable to connect to BIRDv4 socket: dial unix /var/run/calico/bird.ctl: connect: connection refused

解决方法：

$ vim calico.yaml

# 增加内容
# Cluster type to identify the deployment type
- name: IP_AUTODETECTION_METHOD
  value: "interface=eth.*" 或者 value: "interface=eth0"